Eyewitness the movie and the issue of identification Essay

Eyewitness the movie and the issue of identification - Essay Example Eyewitness the Movie and the Issue of Identification Introduction For many years, a debate on the issue of eyewitness identification and testimony has been raging with thin the justice system.One camp pushes the concept that that eyewitness identification is not reliable and is, in fact, detrimental to the pursuit of genuine justice. This side of the argument insists that eyewitness accounts have many times resulted into the resolution of cases based on testimonies, which could be subjective and inaccurate, instead of on the merits of physical evidences, which could be more concrete and objective. The opposing camp, on the other hand, insists that eyewitness accounts are necessary to hasten the resolution of criminal cases in court. It stresses the point that without the testimony of a person who saw the crime committed, positive identification of the suspects cannot be achieved. Even as the debate on the merits and demerits of the two sides continue though, there have been films and television shows that tackle the issue directly and indirectly. The movie Eyewitness may not have presented a courtroom drama that dealt with the pros and cons eyewitness testimony but it did present the filmmaker’s own perspective on the issue. It did so by depicting a character that wishes to present himself as a witness to a crime not because he is interested in seeing the resolution of a murder case but because of his personal objective of winning the affection of a person. Weakness of Eyewitness Testimony Eyewitness is a movie that was released in 1981. The film was directed by Peter Yates and written by Steve Tesich. It stars William Hurt as Daryll Deever, the janitor who discovered the body of a murder victim in the building he is working in. Sigourney Weaver plays the role of a zealous television reporter, Tony Sokolow, who wants to get a scoop of the murder case. Deever sees the opportunity of becoming close to Sokolow when he presented himself as someone who discov ered the body. While this may be true though, Deever goes to the extent of insinuating that he saw more than just the dead body but also the actual crime while it was committed. This leads Tony to be interested in Deever’s account, hoping to be the first to broadcast the story to the public. Tony actually is already in a relationship with someone else, Joseph played by Christopher Plummer. However, just to have a story, she manages to flirt a little with Deever. Joseph, on the other hand, is also very interested about what Deever knows which is why he is not quite concerned about the relationship between Tony and Daryll. The attempt by Deever to maintain Tony’s interest in him later turned into the source of conflict in the film. The murderers begins to consider the possibility that Daryll may have indeed witness the commission of the crime and that Tony already knows about it. For fear of being caught by the police, who are already doing investigations on the matter, they run after both Tony and Daryll with the aim of silencing them before their identities are divulged to the public. The police for their part have also begun believing that Daryll may have indeed witnessed the crime and that he could identify the perpetrators. However, the issue that is at stake here really is regarding the credibility of the eyewitness. Deever is obviously motivated by his desire to become personally close to Tony. On the other hand, Tony, who can amplify Deever’s claim because she is a journalist, is only interested in getting a scoop. The police, whose objective is to see that the crime is solved as soon as possible, also have the tendency to believe in whatever story Deever may come up with because of convenience. Here lies the central issue of eyewitness identification. Without determining the possible motivation of the witness, a case could be brought to court with suspects pointed out through the most biased and unscientific means. Through the jury system employed by the American judiciary, the honesty of the witness has a very profound impact on the

Political Science Essay Example for Free

Political Science Essay 1) Who is Oedipus? Jocasta? Laius? Theseus? Answer: Oedipus is the son of Laius and Jocasta there was prophet that he was going to kill his father and wed his mother. Laius is the king of Thebes and Oedipus’ father who was killed as a fulfillment on an oracle. Theseus is the king of Athens who takes Oedipus in and protects him after he has suffered greatly. 2) In the play Oedipus Rex, what is the relationship between truth, freedom, identity, and responsibility? Answer: Fate is inescapable. Oedipus learning the truth is him learning his identity and with freedom comes responsibility. 3) What is pollution? OR, why must Oedipus assume responsibility for things he did not know? Answer: Pollution is that for which Oedipus is responsible for. There are consequences for his actions and he must accept them. 4) What does it mean to say that freedom is recognition of necessity? Answer: It means we are never absolutely free. There is always a restraint. 5) In the final analysis, what advice about freedom, fate and the gods is Sophocles giving in Oedipus Rex? Answer: Strive for excellence in a world of constraints, rebel and accept the Gods, bravely acceptthe consequences of one’s actions, and do all of this in reverence and humility. 6) What does it mean to defend freedom on the basis of natural rights? Answer: Natural rights are rights that no person can give us. We have them because we arehuman.To say this is defending it. – Normative way of thinking 7) What does it mean to defend freedom on the basis of utility? Answer: Freedom as a utility are rights that defend the right on grounds of the city rather than ofthe Gods. 8) According to Adrienne Rich, what does a woman need to know to be free? Answer: She needs to know her own history, analysis of her own condition, her politicized female body, and creative genius of women in the past. 9) Whose freedom is Sojourner Truth advocating? Answer: Sojourner Truth is advocating the freedom of African Americans, free slaves, and women 10) According to John Stuart Mill, what is the greatest danger to freedom in a democratic society? Answer: The greatest danger to freedom in a democratic society is social tyranny (public opinion) because it penetrates so deeply into one’s soul that there is no alternative. It feathers the development of individuality (the notion of an autonomous and rationality of the individual). 11) According to Mill, what is the domain of consciousness, or those freedoms that are most precious? Answer: Conscious, Thought/Feeling, Opinion/Sentiment, Expression, Tastes Pursuits, Unite/Assembly 12) According to Mill, what utility does freedom have for the pursuit of truth? Answer: Partial truths may have some truth, but even truth must be combatted, questioned or it isnothing but prejudice or dogma. 13) According to Mill, what utility does freedom have for the development of individuality? Answer: The individual needs freedom for observation, needs freedom of reason and judgment, freedom to gather information, freedom to discriminate/to decide, and freedom and courage to hold firm to our tastes. 14) According to Mill, what utility does freedom have for the development of a progressive society? Answer: Societies that are possessive of innovation sustain truths and tradition and avoid mediocrity. 15) How does Sophocles portray Oedipus and the issue of guilt/innocence in Oedipus at Colonus? Answer: Oedipus is a stranger in need, he declares his innocence, and Thesesus and Athens offer him gifts. 16) What does Theseus offer to Oedipus in Oedipus at Colonus? Why? Answer: Theseus greets Oedipus with respect and empathy. He asks Oedipus what does he need and offers him hospitality and protection from Creon, Creon’s army, and Polynices. He gives him citizenship and grace. Theseus gives him gifts given by Athens because Theseus was once to in exile. 17) What is the function/importance of a language of the good? Answer: It teaches us what human beings need to achieve their potential. 18) What is Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? How does it compare to Aristotle’s theory of the goods of life? Answer: It is a pyramid showing the balanced goods or â€Å"diet† a human being needs to be happy like self-actualization, belongingness, esteem, safety, and physiological. How it compares idk. 19) Who is Pericles and what are the main principles of his funeral oration? Answer: Pericles is general and orator in Athens. The main principles of his funeral oration are city of freedom, city of empire, and citizenship. 20) What does Pericles have to say about citizenship? Answer: Citizenship requires excellence, public service, reverence for the city (patriotism), respect for authorities and law, military training, beauty, and willingness to die for the city. 21) What is Socrates’ vocation? Answer: He literally disapproves of the oracle which says he is the wisest man. 22) What are the formal charges against Socrates? Answer: The formal charges against Socrates are public opinion. 23) What are the informal charges against Socrates? Answer: He studies things that are above the sky and are below the earth. He makes strong arguments weak and weak arguments strong. He does not believe in the Gods of the city, but one new God. 24) What is Socratic ignorance? Answer: A certain type of wisdom is a certain type of ignorance. You don’t say what you don’t know. 25) What is Socrates’ daimon? Answer: The daimon is the inner God that speaks to him. It is a voice of subjectivity, consciousness, and rational insight. (picture a little angel on one shoulder and a devil on the other trying to tell you what you should do) 26) What is the relationship, in Socrates, of philosophy, death and the heroic tradition? Answer: Socrates does not fear death. He sees it as his characters (an eternal sleep or rejoining with loved one). The soul of one is not at stake. The soul of many is. 27) What does Socrates mean by caring for the soul? Answer: Caring for the soul means avoid injustice, ruthless intellectual honesty, engage in self-examination, and sustain moral energy. 28) What are the characteristics of Socrates’ theory of citizenship? Answer: The characteristics are caring for the soul, moral skepticism/dissent, a strong sense of moral individualism, all of this occurs in socratic ignorance, heroic citizenship (a citizen that does not fear death), and love of the city.

Review of The Black Death Essay -- Papers

Review of The Black Death The Black Death discusses the causes and results of the plague that devastated medieval Europe. It focuses on the many effects it had on the culture of medieval Europe and the possibility that it expedited cultural change. I found that Robert S. Gottfried had two main theses in the book. He argued that rodent and insect life cycles, as well as the changing of weather systems affect plague. He claimed that the devastation plague causes is partly due to its perpetual recurrences. Plague ravaged Europe in cycles, devastated the people when they were recuperating. As can be later discovered in the book, the cycles of plague consumed the European population. A second thesis, which he described in greater detail, was that the plagues expedited the process of cultural change. The plagues killed a large percentage of each generation, leaving room for change. The Black Death covers the affects that numerous plagues had on the culture. The cycle of the plagues struck each generation. After a p lague ravaged Europe from 599-699, plague killed in 608, 618, 628, 640, 654, 684-686, 694-700, 718, and 740-750. In the early stages of the above series, intervals are apparent. These intervals demonstrate the cycles of the rodent and insect life. Robert S. Gottfried also argues, rightfully so, that plague may have hastened cultural change. Along with plagues came the need for a cure. Plague destroyed the existing medical systems, and was replaced by a modern heir. Previous to the plague, scientists based their knowledge on early scientists such as Hippocrates and Galen. Scientists knew little about what they were doing. The medical community was divided into five parts. These divisions were physicians, surgeons, barber-... ...r in the book. Gottfried also made it obvious that others supported his theories. At the end of each important point, he marked it with a number corresponding to the reference in the back of the book. In conclusion, The Black Death successfully proves that a great deal of tragedy in the 13th century had much to do with animals in the environment. It also conveyed that plague accelerated the progress of culture, bringing the need for modern medicine. Gottfried makes it apparent that man did not understand enough about the environment to prevent plague, maybe a message to the world today. Dense population, as Gottfried suggested, breeds plague. Early plague has educated us, and we should focus on this, plague seems to be inevitable with certain circumstances and lack of knowledge. Not only did Gottfried educate us on the past, but may have prepared us for the future.

Rates of Reaction :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

Rates of Reaction What is a rate of reaction? The amount of change of a product or reactant in a given time. What affects the rate? a) Concentration of solution (more likely to collide as more in same vol.) b) Temperature (increases speed of molecules, more exceed EA) c) Surface area (same as concentration) d) Pressure of gasses (same as conc.) e) Catalyst (guide particles to correct orientation + lowers EA) f) Others e.g. light(light = increase in speed of particles) How are rates altered? Collision theory: Particles must collide with an energy exceeding the EA and they must have the correct orientation. A reaction rate increased by, - Increasing collision frequency - Increasing average kinetic energy of particles - Lowering activation energy - Giving molecules correct orientation Effect of concentration on rate rA = rate of reaction with respect to A E.g. RH+ = rate of reaction with respect to H+(aq) Rate of reaction = K [A]a [B]b [C]c Units of rates of reaction = mol dm-3 s-1 Units of concentration = mol dm-3 Indices a, b, c etc: order of reaction - what is the effect on the rate of doubling the concentration E.g. [H+]1 = 1st order = if conc. is doubled, rate is doubled [H+]2 = 2nd order = if con. is double, rate is quadrupled [H+]0 = zero order = if conc. is doubled, rate is unaffected The constant, K K = rate constant. This is a constant of proportionality Units may vary but must include s-1 rA = k[A]1[B]1 mol dm-3 s-1à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ = k (mol dm-3)(mol dm-3) for mol dm-3 s-1 to = mol dm-3 s-1 because k must = dm3 mol-1 s-1 because (mol dm-3)(mol dm-3) = mol2 dm-6, so to equal this out, k = dm3 mol-1 s-1 Expt. 11.2a the kinetics of the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq)  ® CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) Collect gas given off in a syringe. Create a table: Time (s) Volume of CO2 Vt (cm3) (Vfinal - Vt) cm3 Then to find the order, find the half - life if time periods are roughly the same between each half - life then it is first order. If it is second order the graph would increase and not be constant. Methods of following a reaction By titration E.g. reaction between iodine and propane in acid solution. Then on a graph time can be plotted against titre values, in this case a straight line is seen, suggesting the reaction to be zero order By colorimetry Can be used when one of the reactants or products have a colour, the intensity changing during the reaction. The intensity can be followed using a special colorimeter. By Dilatometry Where during the reaction the total volume of the solution changes.

Peer pressure Essay

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¤â€Ã  ¤ ° à ¤ µÃ  ¥ Ã  ¤ ¯Ã  ¤ µÃ  ¤ ¹Ã  ¤ ¾Ã  ¤ ° à ¤ ¹Ã  ¤ ®Ã  ¥â€¡Ã  ¤ ¶Ã  ¤ ¾ à ¤ ¸Ã  ¤â€¢Ã  ¤ ¾Ã  ¤ °Ã  ¤ ¾Ã  ¤ ¤Ã  ¥ Ã  ¤ ®Ã  ¤â€¢ à ¤ ¹Ã  ¥â€¹ à ¤Å"à ¤ ¾Ã  ¤ Ã  ¤â€"à ¤ ¾. à ¤â€°Ã  ¤ ¨Ã  ¥ Ã  ¤ ¹Ã  ¥â€¹Ã  ¤â€šÃ  ¤ ¨Ã  ¥â€¡ à ¤â€¢Ã  ¤ ¹Ã  ¤ ¾ à ¤â€¢Ã  ¤ ¿ à ¤ ®Ã  ¥â€šÃ  ¤ ²Ã  ¥ Ã  ¤ ¯ à ¤ °Ã  ¤ ¿Ã  ¤ ¶Ã  ¥ Ã  ¤ ¤Ã  ¥â€¹Ã  ¤â€š à ¤â€¢Ã  ¥â€¹ à ¤ ¸Ã  ¥â‚¬Ã  ¤â€"à ¤ ¨Ã  ¤ ¾ à ¤ ¹Ã  ¥â€¹Ã  ¤â€"à ¤ ¾ à ¤â€Ã  ¤ ° à ¤ ¯Ã  ¤ ¹ à ¤ ¬Ã  ¤ ¨ à ¤â€"à ¤ ¯Ã  ¤ ¾ à ¤ ¹Ã  ¥Ë† à ¤â€Ã  ¤ ° à ¤Å"à ¤ ¿Ã  ¤ ®Ã  ¥ Ã  ¤ ®Ã  ¥â€¡Ã  ¤ ¦Ã  ¤ ¾Ã  ¤ ° à ¤ µÃ  ¥ Ã  ¤ ¯Ã  ¤â€¢Ã  ¥ Ã  ¤ ¤Ã  ¤ ¿ à ¤â€¢Ã  ¥â€¡ à ¤ ²Ã  ¤ ¿Ã  ¤  à ¤ ®Ã  ¤ ¹Ã  ¤ ¤Ã  ¥ Ã  ¤ µÃ  ¤ ªÃ  ¥â€šÃ  ¤ °Ã  ¥ Ã  ¤ £ à ¤ ¹Ã  ¥Ë† à ¤â€¢Ã  ¤ ¿ à ¤ ¸Ã  ¥â‚¬Ã  ¤â€"à ¤ ¨Ã  ¤ ¾ à ¤ ¹Ã  ¥â€¹Ã  ¤â€"à ¤ ¾. t is more beneficial than harmful Peer pressure is not always bad. It can help you reflect on yourself. Peers may teach you good things and encourage you to follow them. Looking at what others do, can help you bring a positive change in your way of thinking. If you can pick selectively, peer pressure can push you towards something positive. For example, when a child knows that some of his friends regularly read storybooks or that they have  subscribed to a library, even he feels tempted to do so. He may get into the habit of reading because of his peers. Seeing that some of your friends exercise daily, even you may take up the habit. Positive peer pressure can lead you to adopt good habits in life. Your peers, their choices and ways of life give you a glimpse of the world outside the four walls of your house. What they think about things in life, how they perceive situations, how they react in different circumstances can actually expose you to the world around. Being part of a larger group of peers exposes you to the diversity in human behavior. This makes you reflect on your behavior and know where you stand. Peer pressure can lead you to make right choices in life. If you are fortunate enough to get a good peer group, your peers can influence the shaping of your personality in a positive way. Their perspective of life can lead you to change yours. It’s not pressure every time; sometimes it’s inspiration, which makes you change for good. For example, positive peer pressure can make you quit smoking or give up bad habits that you may have. Your peers can inspire you to become more optimistic or more confident. Your peers may influence you to change and make you a better human being. If the peer group happens to be in school, you will discover a lot of positive changes happening in your teenager. Since the urge to ‘belong’ to a peer group is all about feeling included and accepted, there is also this natural tendency to behave and become ‘like’ other members of a peer group. Therefore when the members of the peer group believe in doing well in class and doing their regular lessons with care, you will find your child also following suit. The direct effect can be observed in the grades. The teenager will not only learn to focus on his studies but will also show an inclination in getting involved and participating is several extra-curricular and sports activities in school. Whether the peer group comprises of school friends, neighborhood friends or cousins of an extended family, the effect can always be seen on your child. Amongst the other apparent effects, you will find that the communication skills of the teen improving significantly. His approach, attitude and behavior will always be positive. He will learn to value relationships and will learn that it is important to become and responsible individual. Pure s peer pressure beneficial or harmful. Opening statement: My point of view on this subject area is simple and straightforward; peer pressure can be beneficial. Facts and supporting evidence: 1. Peer pressure can be beneficial because it can help you achieve things in life. For example: You’re about to audition for something that’s been your dream forever, then you all of a sudden get too scared so you decide your not going, but then your friend pressures you into doing it. And because of your friend giving you peer pressure, you achieved your goals, and you’ve succeeded. Without this type of peer pressure not many people would be successful in our world. 2. It can also be beneficial because it can help you get out of bad habits. Peer pressure is very well known for getting people into drugs, but nobody ever thought about peer pressure getting you out of them, and peer pressure can get you out of many habits. Last year I used to be late†¦ A lot, but then my mom pressured me into getting up earlier in the morning, and getting ready faster. If it wasn’t for her, I would not be a good student. 3. Peer pressure can lead you to making the right choices. Say you’re in a bad situation your friend wants you to do something that you really don’t feel like doing, so you talk to your other friend, they also think the idea is bad. So he/she pressures you to not do it, later on you somehow find out that your friend was setting you up, if your friend didn’t help you in that situation, you had the chances of ending up in jail or being dead. Facts: 89.5% of the teens in high schools haven’t been pressured into trying cocaine 80% of teenagers haven’t been pressured into trying a cigarette Peer pressure can even start at kindergarten Closing: I know peer pressure can also be harmful, but many people don’t realize how beneficial it can be. When people hear the words â€Å"Peer Pressure† usually the first thing they think is peer pressure involving drugs, and that can happen too, but there are many ways of good peer pressure. My personal motto is: CHOOSE YOUR FRIENDS WISELY! See, first of all i would like to mention that, a fact which clearly reports that there are approximately more benifits than harms of peer pressur. Also it have an appropriate reason:- In our Society, there are more good citizen than bad ones. People mostly have good friend cirlce, than having bad friend circle. Yes there are some bad groups, which involves drug case, robbery etc. But the Fact is clear that there are less cases in which a person gets harm due to peer pressure. Good friends persuade us to do good thing, even we too advise our friends to do good things. I agree with 1st argument with my support. What he/she said is true. People when hear this word † Peer Pressure† they usually thinks of situation involving drugs robbery etc. But As i said , there much more benifits than harms.

Free Essays on States Of Consciousness

States of Consciousness We all go through different states of consciousness every day of our lives. These states include being wide awake (162), being asleep (165), and for some of us, even altered states of consciousness (176). There are also many states of consciousness in-between each of these. Being â€Å"awake† is when we are at our full state of awareness. This is the part of consciousness that we spend most of our time in. This is considered the highest state of consciousness because it is the one that we compare all of our other states to. During awake-time though, we may enter other stages of consciousness, such as daydreaming (162), divided consciousness (162-3), or the unconscious mind (163). During all of these stages we are still awake, but our brain is working on a less â€Å"aware† level. Daydreaming (162) is when we think, feel, or imagine something that is not necessarily logical or likely to happen. I personally catch myself daydreaming a lot during school or work. I find that when I do not want to focus on the topic at hand, I tend to let my brain take me somewhere else in a daydream. Psychologists have proved that daydreams are probably a distorted reflection of our emotions and concerns. Divided consciousness (162-3) happens quite often during awake-time. You may not realize that your brain is two places at once. This happens to me quite often during my commute to and from school. I often forget most of the drive because I have been concentrating on other thoughts, such as pageants, Christmas gifts, or my dog. This is quite common, although somewhat alarming, because in my case, I was driving at around 50 mph and I don’t even remember it! The unconscious mind (163) is actually a concept that many professional psychologists dismissed in the past. Now, however, the unconscious mind is playing an important role in the study of consciousness and science. The unconscious mind is when a pe... Free Essays on States Of Consciousness Free Essays on States Of Consciousness States of Consciousness We all go through different states of consciousness every day of our lives. These states include being wide awake (162), being asleep (165), and for some of us, even altered states of consciousness (176). There are also many states of consciousness in-between each of these. Being â€Å"awake† is when we are at our full state of awareness. This is the part of consciousness that we spend most of our time in. This is considered the highest state of consciousness because it is the one that we compare all of our other states to. During awake-time though, we may enter other stages of consciousness, such as daydreaming (162), divided consciousness (162-3), or the unconscious mind (163). During all of these stages we are still awake, but our brain is working on a less â€Å"aware† level. Daydreaming (162) is when we think, feel, or imagine something that is not necessarily logical or likely to happen. I personally catch myself daydreaming a lot during school or work. I find that when I do not want to focus on the topic at hand, I tend to let my brain take me somewhere else in a daydream. Psychologists have proved that daydreams are probably a distorted reflection of our emotions and concerns. Divided consciousness (162-3) happens quite often during awake-time. You may not realize that your brain is two places at once. This happens to me quite often during my commute to and from school. I often forget most of the drive because I have been concentrating on other thoughts, such as pageants, Christmas gifts, or my dog. This is quite common, although somewhat alarming, because in my case, I was driving at around 50 mph and I don’t even remember it! The unconscious mind (163) is actually a concept that many professional psychologists dismissed in the past. Now, however, the unconscious mind is playing an important role in the study of consciousness and science. The unconscious mind is when a pe...

Free Essays on Feminist

â€Å"Let us at first make an entire abstraction of all psychological considerations tending to show, that any of the mental differences supposed to exist between women and men are about †¦Ã¢â‚¬ (57). John Stuart Mills strongly advocates equality for women in his book The Subjection of Women. Among the topics he argued was the right for women to be allowed to pursuit whatever occupations they wanted regardless of their sex. Mill argues that psychological differences have absolutely nothing to do with but it the blockage of their knowledge that causes the problem. He believed their nature should not prevent them from participating in a particular field. The inherent characteristics that women possess such as gentle, weak †¦ should not determine what kind of work they do. However, if they are not given an opportunity to partake in any field out side the sphere of domesticity and are not educated then how can they be qualified for anything else. Women were subjected to certain roles and it is still prevalent in our society today. Stereotyping has been going on for decades and is still in effect the professional world. Females are still seeking equality in the workplace and in some institutions. As a society today we have come along way, but there is still room for improvement. Mary Wollstonecraft in A Vindication of the rights of Women goes beyond arguing for an equal education and equality for women, but she also exposes of numerous injustice to women, including denial of the right to vote, to own property, or to perform any but the lowest jobs and parents duty of parents to children: â€Å"A great proportion of the misery that wanders, in hideous forms, around the world, is allowed to rise from the negligence of parents† (159). Parents have a duty to their children; learning begins at home. If parents leave the act of discipline to teacher and school they are at great injustice. A good family background with the correct moral... Free Essays on Feminist Free Essays on Feminist â€Å"Let us at first make an entire abstraction of all psychological considerations tending to show, that any of the mental differences supposed to exist between women and men are about †¦Ã¢â‚¬ (57). John Stuart Mills strongly advocates equality for women in his book The Subjection of Women. Among the topics he argued was the right for women to be allowed to pursuit whatever occupations they wanted regardless of their sex. Mill argues that psychological differences have absolutely nothing to do with but it the blockage of their knowledge that causes the problem. He believed their nature should not prevent them from participating in a particular field. The inherent characteristics that women possess such as gentle, weak †¦ should not determine what kind of work they do. However, if they are not given an opportunity to partake in any field out side the sphere of domesticity and are not educated then how can they be qualified for anything else. Women were subjected to certain roles and it is still prevalent in our society today. Stereotyping has been going on for decades and is still in effect the professional world. Females are still seeking equality in the workplace and in some institutions. As a society today we have come along way, but there is still room for improvement. Mary Wollstonecraft in A Vindication of the rights of Women goes beyond arguing for an equal education and equality for women, but she also exposes of numerous injustice to women, including denial of the right to vote, to own property, or to perform any but the lowest jobs and parents duty of parents to children: â€Å"A great proportion of the misery that wanders, in hideous forms, around the world, is allowed to rise from the negligence of parents† (159). Parents have a duty to their children; learning begins at home. If parents leave the act of discipline to teacher and school they are at great injustice. A good family background with the correct moral... Free Essays on Feminist Wall Street Journal reporter Thomas M. Burton in his article â€Å"Baxter Filter Comes Under Scrutiny In Dialysis Probe† reports on the investigation by The U.S. Food and Drug Administration regarding the death of 33 kidney-dialysis patients in Spain, Croatia, and Texas. Of the 33 deaths 20 took place in Croatia. The Baxter Company manufactured filters, known as A, AF, and AX models are under inspection for faulty filters. The Baxter filters are said to be the only known common thread which could have cause those deaths. Spanish investigators are currently looking into the matter and refuse to comment at the time of this article. Baxter officials refused to believe that their filters are the cause of those deaths. However, of 21 dialysis death in Croatia, 20 filters were made by the Baxter’s Sweden Company. Croatia deputy health minister is quite sure that Baxter filters are related to those deaths, and Baxter’s deputy medical director in Europe is frustrated that the Croatian authorities â€Å"allegedly haven’t supplied sufficient details for Baxter to know if its dialyzers play any role in those deaths.† A number of different companies supply the pumping equipment to dialysis center. Dialyzers† are dialysis filters made by Baxter International Inc. In dialysis treatment, a person with impaired kidney function is hooked up by tubing, through which the patient’s blood passes through the filter in the opposite direction to cleanse the blood....

The eNotes Blog Do Gorillas Use the Underground Railroad Children Making Meaning from AdultPuzzles

Do Gorillas Use the Underground Railroad Children Making Meaning from AdultPuzzles This weekend, NPRs This American Life  featured stories on Kid Logic. Over the course of the hour, Ira Glass introduced stories of children who tried to make sense of the many puzzles of the adult world. In one story, a little girls best friend discovers that her father is the Easter Bunny. Rather than putting two-and-two together, both little girls decide that the dad IS actually the Easter Bunny. Their parents go along with the ruse. But how would a child  know?  Do you assume that your parents are playing an elaborate prank on you? Especially when your whole culture is in on the joke? The story made me think of my own leaps of logic. As you might have guessed from the picture above, every time I heard guerrilla  warfare on   the news, I thought Planet of the Apes was at hand. While I have many of my own embarrassing stories,   I also asked my friends to contribute their own kid logic confessions. Here are some of my favorite. Please let us hear your stories as well! Ms.   Tubman to Platform 9 3/4s! A friend tells me that she thought the slaves used an actual, literal, underground railroad to make their escapes. How they constructed something so elaborate without being detected remains a mystery Whats all the fuss about Watergate? I thought Watergate referred to a dam of some sort. I can still see the same image in my mind. Who wants a nightcap? All those 70s shows when they would invite someone to stay for a nightcap.   I thought they were giving them an actual hat. In my head it looked like a Scrooge-style long nightcap. On Parting Gifts at the end of game shows: I  thought they ALL got turtle wax. I wanted some of that! Only, I didnt have a turtle. Kennedys Crisis Bay of Pigs? How many pigs fit in the Bay of Pigs? If the pigs could swim, the water must be really dirty. I wonder if Havertys has a showroom   I struggled with the term deathbedand considered that the bed was specifically bought for a person to lay down and die on. That creeped me out, and still does..such that I never bought a used bed. Whos That Girl? My mom loves to tell the story of me, around 7 or 8 years old, asking her, Who is this Polly Esther person, and why are you talking about her? I Still Wish I Was Right About This   I was told by a friends older sister that there would be a Cake Walk at my first-ever school carnival. I thought it would be a GIANT FOAM CAKE with a line across the middle. The game was to walk the line. If you diverged, youd fall into a pile of foam (like egg-crate foam) in the middle. If you made it all the way across, you won a real cake.  I was SO disappointed to discover what it really was. Finders Keepers I thought when a business was founded. that they had found it somewhere. Dont forget! We would love to hear your own tales of kid logic!

Classical Composer Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Classical Composer Assignment - Essay Example His music is also known for its humor aspect and its ability to entertain the audience. Haydn incorporated humor in his music through sudden loud chord similar to the ones he used in the London symphony. He also employed jokes and false ending to incorporate a humor aspect in his music. Haydn realized that the music performed during his era was not in accordance to the day’s fashion. He embarked on a mission to create fashion in music or to create fashionable music. He is considered as the founder of the stylistic era or period commonly referred to as Strum und Drang. Haydn did not receive much musical influence during his childhood although he ended up as a musician. Although he was introduced to the harp by his parent during his early childhood, his musical career owes much to other classical musicians. Haydn realized that the classical music scene required a change. This included the involvement of audience in performances. Classical music was more concerned with passing of the message or marking a ceremony or an event. This was the main problem that Haydn identified in classical music. Unlike other artists of his era, Haydn composed music and sought an upgrade for the existing music. This effort is well represented by his role in changing of style and the introduction of performance in classical

My opinion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

My opinion - Essay Example The article explains how the workforce demographic in US has changed into a diversified classes or origins over a period of time and how it demands the effective management for the benefit of organizations. Drawing support from the results of various studies carried out in the past, the authors could clearly cite the advantages an organization can have from managing its workforce of diverse culture. The way of managing its available resources is what makes an organization’s fate. Hence, in the case of diverse workforce, the important thing is how an organization adapts to the situation enabling its human resources to contribute most efficiently to the organizational development. The article explains various managerial areas such as cost, resource acquisition, marketing, innovation, problem solving or decision making and flexibility, where the efficient management can bring competitive advantages. In short, the authors have shown justice to their proposed objective of making a linkage between the most talked managing diverse culture and organizational competitiveness. And the article provides its readers an understanding of how attracting and retaining people of diverse culture or background and managing them in the efficient manner can bring organization competitive advantages in terms of cost structure, innovation and

Journal Article Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Journal Article Review - Essay Example This paper aims to discuss behavior learning theory in relation to student achievement. For this purpose article of A.W. Astin is used which critically discusses the learning behavior of learners along with different influencing factors. Summary of the article Importance of behavioral learning theory in institutions is often neglected and therefore student achievements are greatly compromised. In the article, â€Å"Student Involvement: A developmental theory for higher education† the researcher argues that there is a certain mechanism of behavioral learning theory which must be followed so as to increase the chances of student achievement. This behavioral mechanism typically deals with the social and academic development of students. For instance, students belong to a diverse group of individuals and hence their learning capabilities are entirely different and therefore they quickly absorb the behavioral pattern of one another. However, if the overall learning environment of t he institution is based on behavioral mechanism then it facilitates them to achieve something beyond their predefined goals (Astin, 1984). This can be further understood by analyzing the different behaviors of students such as the optimum level to which students work for their academic achievement, interests in different subjects and the overall environment which influences their studying behavior. But in this regard the behavior of intelligent students plays the most significant role. For instance, the sharp students within an institutional setting give huge academic challenge to average students while on the other hand they also facilitate them in overcoming certain academic hurdles through their behavior. This is highly beneficial for the overall student development as they begin to learn and compete with others at an early age. Therefore the school management is required to make such strategies which support and bring together distinguishing groups of individuals hence facilitat ing them in learning through behavioral theory. However, this strategy cannot be applied in all situations due to the risk of reverse affects. Institutional management plays a vital role in the overall implementation of behavior learning theory because students’ positive behavior and the relative changes are required to be motivated and reinforced. In addition to this the researcher explains that motivation is an essential part of behavior theory because it acts as a catalyst in advancing the overall goal achievement process. For instance, motivation through rewards actually results in student achievements whereas it also acts as a reinforcing agent (Astin, 1984). Discussion The learning needs of students all over the world have dramatically changed. Consequently the student involvement has become a greatest concern for educational institutions. In this article researcher has actually replaced the word ‘behavior’ with ‘involvement’ because he firmly believes that student involvement is greatly influenced by the behavioral learning theory. This can be substantiated on the basis of the fact that involvement itself is a behavior which critically defines an individual’s academic success. Hence increased student involvement is the optimal outcome of behavioral learning theory (Astin, 1984). This has been further justified by a clear emphasis on behavioral theory by stating that it does not only revolve around the

United States Court System Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

United States Court System - Research Paper Example In spite of the belief that the adversarial system is a contest between two rivals, in reality a complex system of collaboration between judges, prosecutors, and defense lawyers is usually present. In the U.S. court system, members of the courtroom work team create guidelines about how specific kinds of cases must be dealt with and what type of petitions is legitimate for particular kinds of offenses (May et al., 2007, 159). At present, the United States implements a dual system of state and federal courts that often work autonomously, even though state cases are often petitioned to the federal courts. The dual court system developed from the belief of the founding fathers that every state has to have substantial judicial sovereignty and legislative power (Cole, Smith, & DeJong, 2012, 105). The federal court system emerged after the nation gained its independence from England. The existing federal court system emerged as a concession between the founding fathers who preferred a powerful federal government and those who supported the rights of the states with a restricted federal government. At present, there are several independent court systems in the United States. Even though some American Indian communities and the military have their own court systems, the general U.S. court systems are the state court systems and the federal court systems (May et al., 2007, 161-162). Figure 1. Structure of the federal court system (May et al., 2007, 162) Even though state court systems emerged with almost no interaction with other states’ court systems, the state court systems that ult imately progressed noticeably resemble one another in structure and organization. Almost all court systems at present are structured in a hierarchical way (Cole et al., 2012, 363). The first major characteristic to remember when looking at state court systems is the difference between courts with appellate jurisdiction and courts with original jurisdiction. Because cases come from them, trial courts are usually called ‘courts of limited jurisdiction’. These courts handle cases of misconduct or less serious offenses, cases of small claims, family disputes, and traffic disobedience. These courts seldom conduct jury trials and rely greatly on the judge for the final resolution (Neubauer & Fradella, 2010, 95). Courts of general jurisdiction handle both felonies and misconduct cases and function as a round-table for major civil actions. Courts of general jurisdiction, in numerous states, facilitate the first appellate level and give the accused who came from a court of limit ed jurisdictions the opportunity to open up another trial. These courts employ prosecutors, defense attorneys, witnesses, juries, and all the other players usually connected to American courtrooms (Walston-Dunham, 2008, 147). These courts are more formal than courts of limited jurisdiction. They operate under the adversarial framework. The intermediate appellate court level—court of appeals-- is the subsequent level in state court systems. The main task of these courts is to evaluate petitions that came from resolutions given in the courts of general jurisdiction. The topmost court level in every state system is the court of last resort—the Supreme Court (Cole et al., 2012, 364-365). A petition can progress no further after the Supreme Court gives

There is no such thing as a neutral question. Evaluate this statement Essay

There is no such thing as a neutral question. Evaluate this statement with reference to two areas of knowledge - Essay Example For example, when conducting research respondents can be asked, â€Å"how many pairs of shoes do you own?† This is a neutral question since the person asking is not interested in whatever answers the respondent gives. The questioner could be someone who does not even know the respondent and happens to interact with them (physically or virtually) basically owing to the research. If a researcher from the United Kingdom goes to the United States to carry out an interview and asks such a question, the answer does not affect them. A question can, therefore, be neutral. How, then, can it be said that such a question is not neutral? The questioner changes the neutrality of a question by either manipulating the answer to suit his objectives or phrasing the question to box the respondent into one corner. For example, the question â€Å"are you going to hit me?† is not neutral because the answer is likely to influence whatever action, or thought that comes next. This is because whether the respondent answers in the affirmative or the negative the questioner is likely to develop certain notions about them2. This is more like a statement or a judgment. One distinct attribute of questions that are neutral is that they raise more questions; non-neutral questions tend to end with an answer. More question marks and doubts surrounding whatever answer given are highly likely3. When a teacher confronts a student who has failed a test and asks â€Å"how did you fail this test?† the teacher is using the question to reprimand the student4. The teacher is concerned about the intricate details of what led to the student failing the test. The student, on hearing the tone of the question, is likely to get defensive, and the communication process will be interrupted. This is because the teacher comes across as angry and judgmental; he is stating a point and not asking a question5. On the other hand, if the teacher asks â€Å"did you study

United States Court System Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

United States Court System - Research Paper Example In spite of the belief that the adversarial system is a contest between two rivals, in reality a complex system of collaboration between judges, prosecutors, and defense lawyers is usually present. In the U.S. court system, members of the courtroom work team create guidelines about how specific kinds of cases must be dealt with and what type of petitions is legitimate for particular kinds of offenses (May et al., 2007, 159). At present, the United States implements a dual system of state and federal courts that often work autonomously, even though state cases are often petitioned to the federal courts. The dual court system developed from the belief of the founding fathers that every state has to have substantial judicial sovereignty and legislative power (Cole, Smith, & DeJong, 2012, 105). The federal court system emerged after the nation gained its independence from England. The existing federal court system emerged as a concession between the founding fathers who preferred a powerful federal government and those who supported the rights of the states with a restricted federal government. At present, there are several independent court systems in the United States. Even though some American Indian communities and the military have their own court systems, the general U.S. court systems are the state court systems and the federal court systems (May et al., 2007, 161-162). Figure 1. Structure of the federal court system (May et al., 2007, 162) Even though state court systems emerged with almost no interaction with other states’ court systems, the state court systems that ult imately progressed noticeably resemble one another in structure and organization. Almost all court systems at present are structured in a hierarchical way (Cole et al., 2012, 363). The first major characteristic to remember when looking at state court systems is the difference between courts with appellate jurisdiction and courts with original jurisdiction. Because cases come from them, trial courts are usually called ‘courts of limited jurisdiction’. These courts handle cases of misconduct or less serious offenses, cases of small claims, family disputes, and traffic disobedience. These courts seldom conduct jury trials and rely greatly on the judge for the final resolution (Neubauer & Fradella, 2010, 95). Courts of general jurisdiction handle both felonies and misconduct cases and function as a round-table for major civil actions. Courts of general jurisdiction, in numerous states, facilitate the first appellate level and give the accused who came from a court of limit ed jurisdictions the opportunity to open up another trial. These courts employ prosecutors, defense attorneys, witnesses, juries, and all the other players usually connected to American courtrooms (Walston-Dunham, 2008, 147). These courts are more formal than courts of limited jurisdiction. They operate under the adversarial framework. The intermediate appellate court level—court of appeals-- is the subsequent level in state court systems. The main task of these courts is to evaluate petitions that came from resolutions given in the courts of general jurisdiction. The topmost court level in every state system is the court of last resort—the Supreme Court (Cole et al., 2012, 364-365). A petition can progress no further after the Supreme Court gives

Econ Article Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Econ Article Analysis - Assignment Example This left them with options of either to cut back on farming sharply or to buy water up to four times the regular price. Therefore, this excerpt summarizes various economic theories that are highlighted on the article by fortune Tech. Notably, supply and demand is a critical in economics; essentially, demand refers to the desire of a product or services by buyers whereas supply refers to the extent to which the market can offer. In other words, demand is the price that people are willing to purchase the demand quantity and this relationship forms a demand relationship. On the other hand, the amount that suppliers will be willing to supply given a certain offer is the quantity supplied and this correlation is termed as supply relationship. For instance, there comes a time that supply outstrips the demand and an example would be the case of a third generation farmer â€Å"Woolf† who grows onions garlic and tomatoes. Her intentions were to cultivate on half of her farm since customers were asking more of their product. They cannot deliver because water is still the problem3. Experts have said that an estimate of 500 000 acres of rich land will be left fallow this year and keeping in line with the laws of demand and supply food prices will rise. Most of the things with high demand are very limited. Since we live in a world where wants are unlimited, the available resources to satisfy our wants are limited too. Demand and supply explain how prices are determined in a market system. This is reflected by the demand curve and a demanding schedule. The law of demand has a negative correlation between quantity of goods that consumers need and the price they are ready and able to pay, when other factors are held constant. The factors that affect demand other than price include price of related goods that are substitutes and compliments, income, tastes and preference, population and demographics, and expected future prices. Therefore, changes in any of these

Queen Nefertari Essay Example for Free

Queen Nefertari Essay Queen Nefertari was the wife of Ramses II- the longest ruling pharaoh who reigned in the 19th Dynasty (1295-1255 B. C. ) which was from the 13th to 14th century and he continued to rule on on for seventy years. She married Ramses at the age of thirteen. Nefertari was also one of his many and favorite wives. She produced as many as ten children for Ramses among them two sons named Amonhirwonmef, Prehirwonmef, and two daughters named Merytamon and Mertatum. Her birth parents remain a mystery but it is determined that she is of royal heritage. Nefertari had a brother by the name of Amenmose who was the mayor of Thebes during her rule as queen. She was of high importance and because most portraits or pictures painted by ancient Egyptians are with Ramses II, this may mean she might’ve had a major political influence on Egypt. Queen Nefertari was not the only queen present during the rule of Ramses II, he had a household filled with many queens. His children were estimated at one hundred or more. Nefertari’s disappearance still is considered as a mystery although her tomb has been found and remains a precious treasure to Egypt. It is located in The Valley of the Queens. Ramses referred to Queen Nefertari as the â€Å"most beautiful one† which is one of her many names she is known by. Nefertari Mery-en-Mut name meant â€Å"most beautiful beloved of the goddess Mut. † Her full range of titles were â€Å"Great of praise†, â€Å"Sweet of love†, â€Å"Great royal wife†, â€Å"Lady of charm†, â€Å"Great royal wife, his beloved†, â€Å"Lady of the two lands†, â€Å"Lady of all lands†, â€Å"Wife of strong bull†, â€Å"God’s wife†, â€Å"Lady of upper and lower Egypt. Ramses also referred to his wife as â€Å"The one for whom the sun shines. † Nefertari married Ramses at the tender age of thirteen. Although very young she held the responsibility of being queen very well, going even as far as accompanying Ramses on one or two of his battles. It is said that Nefertari is of royal heritage, but her birth parents remain a mystery. Some Egyptologists think that she was probably the daughter of King Seti I, and thus sister or half sister of Ramses II himself. Other Egyptologists, however, think that her designation as â€Å"Hereditary Princess† might be in some way connected with her being representative of Thebais. The tomb of Queen Nefertari was discovered in 1904 and forbidden to take pictures of. More than 50 tombs mention her name. Nefertari out lived her husband by a number of years which her mummy indicates sh died around 70 years of age. She passed away sometime during Ramses 25 reigned year. After her death Isetnofret became his new principal wife. Queen Nefertari became royal at the age of thirteen and since then she has always been known for that and her beauty.

Strategies for Finding New Equity Capital

Strategies for Finding New Equity Capital Financial Management ABC plc has grown from a company with  £10,000 turnover to one with a  £17m turnover and  £1.8m profit in the last five years. The existing owners have put all their financial resources into the firm to enable it to grow. The directors wish to take advantage of a very exciting market opportunity but would need to find  £20m of new equity capital as the balance sheet is already over-geared (i.e. has high debt). The options being discussed, in a rather uniformed way, are flotation on the Main Market of the London Stock Exchange, a flotation on the Alternative Investment Market and private equity. Write a report to enlighten the board on the merits and disadvantages of each of these three possibilities. Answer: Option 1 Floatation on the main market of LSE. Floating money from LSE will lead to listing of shares of the company. Demerits of listing shares on stock exchange will lead to increase in legal compliances, which will also increase the cost of the company. As the company has grown drastically during the past 5 years, it will be easy for raising money from market which will form part of merits of floating money from LSE. Risks will be shared and a new debt will not appear in balance sheet of the Company. On the other hand raising funds through stock market would lead to loss of ownership and control over the company. Option 2 Private Equity Private equity is raising money from handful of investors. Merits of raising funds through private equity are large amount of funds can be raised , the investors also be a part of management due to which the business is monitored closely by a third party, huge returns can be obtained from private equity investments. Some of the demerits of private equity are loss of management control and dilution of ownership in the Company. Option 3 Alternative Investment Market is getting investment form alternate sources. (Andrew Killick Head of Corporate Finance (South Region) Baker Tilly) Merits The regulations for raising money from Alternative Investment Market are lighter hence it saves the corporate expense. The paying of merger and acquisition is easier. Demerits There is loss of control as the institutions (investors) own large share in the company. Floatation puts the company in the spotlight and under scrutiny, and this continues throughout a public companys life which reduces the privacy. The company has to report results to a tighter timetable and to International Financial Reporting Standards. Management Accounting Management accounting team also come up with some questions and request you to explain/answer them for upcoming board meeting: What is the point of distinguishing between absorption and marginal costing? Why they report different profit, explain with an example? Answer: Example : Variable cost of a product x 10 p.u, fixed cost for the period 100000, Number of units produced 10000, closing stock 1000 units, material cost 15 p.u Value of closing stock under both methods- Marginal costing Closing stock = (Material cost+Variable cost) * Number of Units   = (15+10)*1000 = 25000 Absorption Costing Closing stock = Total cost throughout the year/ total units produced * closing stock = 100000 (fixed cost)+ 100000 (variable cost) + 150000 (material cost)/ 10000*1000 =350000/10000*1000 =35000 The management of XYZ company is concerned about the its inability to obtain enough fully trained labour to enable it to meet its present budget projection: Service A B C Total Variable costs Materials 8 6 7 21 Labour 11 8 14 33 Expenses 5 4 4 13 Allocated fixed cost 6 15 12 33 Total cost 30 33 37 82 Profit 17 4 4 25 Sales revenue 47 37 41 107 The amount of labour likely to be available amounts to  £23,000. All of the variable labour is paid at the same hourly rate. You are asked to prepare a statement of plans, ensuring that at least 50 per cent of the budgeted sales revenues are achieved for each service and the balance of labour is used to produce the greater profit. What steps could the business take in an attempt to improve profitability, in the light of the labour shortage?ANSWER To improve the profit in the light of labour, company should B is the most profited company as it has the maximum profit per unit labour. The second preference should be given to company A as it provides better profit per unit labour then company C. And company C is the last option with least profit per unit labour. MM plc makes Product E, the standard costs of which are: Sales Revenue  £40 Direct labour (1 hour) (13) Direct materials (1 kg) (12) Fixed overheads (5) Standard profit 10 The budgeted output for March was 1,000 units of Product E; the actual output was 1,100 units, which was sold for  £44,400. There were no inventories at the start or end of March. The actual production costs were: Direct labour (1,075 hours) £14,513 Direct Materials (1,170 kg)13,455 Fixed overheads 5,700 How flexible budget will help this company to identify the budget variance? ANSWER Flexible Budget Flexible budget calculates expenditure levels for variable costs. Depending upon the actual revenue different variable cost are considered. Flexible budget results in varying budget depending upon the activities performed. In this case the actual revenue of the company has exceeded the budgeted revenue. The factors affecting the actual revenue and budgeted revenue are Sales, Material, Fixed Overhead, Profit, Labour. So the difference between the actual and budgeted revenue can be easily calculated using Flexible budgeting. REFERENCES Andrew Killick Head of Corporate Finance (South Region) Baker Tilly)

Comparing Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now Essay -- Movie Film com

Parallels in Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In the interpretation and comparison of Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now there begins to unfold a list of similarities that can be linked to Arturian legend, particularly the quest of the grail. Marlow, or Willard can be viewed as the knight who has been sent on a mythic quest, the specific task being the recovery or assassination of Kurtz, the mythic god-man linked to the Fisher King in Arthurian romance. Conrad specifically modeled his novel on these legends, while Coppola expanded on the concept, using Conrad as a stepping off point and drawing from J.G. Frazer's The Golden Bough and J. Weston's From Ritual to Romance. I will examine the questers purpose for traveling into the heart of darkness, a void in the midst of a burgeoning jungle that has become a fecund waste land. View the quester as he comes in contact with a mysterious god-man or divine king whose own demise has contributed to the demise of the surrounding atmosphere, and how Marlow, and in turn Willar d, deal with this figure, known as Kurtz. Finally I will discuss why Apocalypse Now fails as a recreation of Conrad's Heart of Darkness. top The Task of the Hero In Arthurian legend a certain task is placed, or rather imposed upon the grail hero, whether that hero be Gawain, Perceval, or Galahad. He sets out on a journey with no clear idea of the task before him, except that he, at the bidding of King Arthur, must find the grail, and that he is taking the place of a mysterious knight that set out before him but was killed. The quest of the grail eventually gives way, as the story unfolds, to the knights healing of the Fisher King (the watcher of the grail), who has fallen gravely ill and w... ... sun beats, And the dead tree gives us no shelter, the cricket no relief, And the dry stone no sound of water. Only There is shadow under this red rock, (Come in under the shadow of this red rock), And I will show you something different from either Your shadow at morning striding behind you Or your shadow at evening rising to meet you; I will show you fear in a handful of dust. (Eliot)    Works Cited Conrad, Joseph Heart of Darkness, New York, Penguin Books 1983 Weston, Jessie L. From Ritual to Romance, New Jersey, Princeton Press 1993 Frazer, James G. The Golden Bough(abridged version), New York, Macmillian Publishing Company, 1950 Malory, Sir Thomas. Le Morte d'Arthur, Oxford Press, 1967 Eliot, T.S. The Waste Land and Other Poems, New York, London, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers, 1988      

warriors dont cry :: essays research papers

The Romanian Immigrants The American society constantly experiences changes due mainly to the shifting of cultural influences. The multicultural America persists throughout the history because of immigrants from all parts of the world. These immigrants create a fascinating but diverse society with different customs and cultures. The Rumanian immigrants represent a unique and important role to the culture and society of the United States. Most importantly the Romanian immigrants in one way or the other affect America from a social, economic, political, religious, or cultural aspect. The Romanian immigrants have their presence in America for almost two hundred and fifty years. The first Romanian, called Samuel Damian arrived in the 18th century and was a priest from Transylvania. There are three groups of people that came to America after World War Two. The first group, (the forty-eighters) represented the victims of the war and they arrived from the refugee camps in Europe in the 1940s and 1950s. The second group, called â€Å"the newly arrived† escaped from communist Romania. The third group called the â€Å"post-communist† was better educated people that looked for prosperity. The â€Å"post-communist† group often spoke Romanian and French. After 1989 a great number of Romanians spoke some English as well. Bordea 2 The majority of immigrants came from Transylvania, Banat, and Bucovina, territories under Austro-Hungarian rule. Political, ethnic and religious persecution, combined with horrible social and economic conditions, forced Romanians to leave their homes. They all had one goal in their search of opportunities in America, and that was freedom. The Romanians were unskilled laborers who left because of economic depression. Their intention was to come to America, gain money, and then go back home and buy land. Most Romanians worked in the iron and steel industry. Also, there were some in the coal mining, automobile manufacturing, and in the meat packing industries. It was extremely hard for many to learn these new tasks since they were mostly peasants. Their jobs took them to New York, Detroit, Pittsburgh, and Cleveland. The Romanian immigrants encountered may difficulties in their journey to United Stated. According to the personal account of Emanuel Covaci, a Romanian immigrant in 1984, â€Å"almost sixty five percent of Romanian Immigrants were illegal.† Their journey was extremely hard since they had to swim the Danube River and not get caught. Nevertheless, many were killed or turned back to a communist, poor country. The legal immigrants stayed for weeks in immigrant camps in Austria and Yugoslavia were they were cleaned.

Stephen King, Christine – Text Analysis

Stephen King is perhaps the most widely known American writer of his generation, yet his distinctions include publishing as two authors at once: Beginning in 1966, he wrote novels that were published under the pseudonym Richard Bachman. When twelve, he began submitting stories for sale. At first ignored and then scorned by mainstream critics, by the late 1980’s his novels were reviewed regularly in The New York Times Book Review, with increasing favor. Beginning in 1987, most of his novels were main selections of the Book-of-the-Month Club, which in 1989 created the Stephen King Library, committed to keeping King’s novels â€Å"in print in hardcover. † King published more than one hundred short stories (including the collections Night Shift, 1978, Skeleton Crew, 1985, and Nightmares and Dreamscapes, 1993) and the eight novellas contained in Different Seasons (1982) and Four Past Midnight (1990). King has published numerous articles and a critical book, Danse Macabre (1981). King’s detractors attribute his success to the sensational appeal of his genre, whose main purpose, as King readily confesses, is to scare people. Like Edgar Allan Poe, King turned a degenerated genre — a matter of comic-book monsters and drive-in films—into a medium embodying the primary anxieties of his age. He is graphic, sentimental, and predictable. His humor is usually crude and campy. His dark fantasies, like all good popular fiction, allow readers to express within conventional frames of reference feelings and concepts they might not otherwise consider. is vision articulates universal fears and desires in terms peculiar to contemporary culture. King is â€Å"Master of Postliterate Prose,† as Paul Gray stated in 1982—writing that takes readers mentally to the films rather than making them imagine or think. On the other hand, King’s work provides the most genuine example of the storyteller’s art since Charles Dickens. He has retu rned to the novel some of the popular appeal it had in the nineteenth century and turned out a generation of readers who vastly prefer some books to their film adaptations. He encountered two lasting influences, the naturalist writers and contemporary American mythology. Stephen King may be known as a horror writer, but he calls himself a â€Å"brand name,† describing his style as â€Å"the literary equivalent of a Big Mac and a large fries from McDonald’s. † His fast-food version of the â€Å"plain style† may smell of commercialism, but that may make him the contemporary American storyteller without peer. From the beginning, his dark parables spoke to the anxieties of the late twentieth century. King’s fictions begin with premises accepted by middle Americans of the television generation, opening in suburban or small-town America—Derry, Maine, or Libertyville, Pennsylvania—and have the familiarity of the house next door and the 7-Eleven store. The characters have the trusted two-dimensional reality of kitsch: they originate in cliches such as the high school â€Å"nerd† or the wise child. From such premises, they move cinematically through an atmosphere resonant with a popular mythology. King applies naturalistic methods to an environment created by popular culture. This reality, already mediated, is translated easily into preternatural terms, taking on a nightmarish quality. King’s imagination is above all archetypal: His â€Å"pop† familiarity and his campy humor draw on the collective unconscious. As with his fiction, his sources are the classic horror films of the 1930’s, inherited by the 1950’s pulp and film industries. He hints at their derivations from the gothic novel, classical myth, Brothers Grimm folktales, and the oral tradition in general. In an anxious era both skeptical of and hungry for myth, horror is fundamentally reassuring and cathartic; the tale-teller combines roles of physician and priest into the witch doctor as â€Å"sin eater,† who assumes the guilt and fear of his culture. Christine †¢ In Christine, the setting is Libertyville, Pennsylvania, during the late 1970’s. The monster is the American Dream as embodied in the automobile. King gives Christine all the attributes of a fairy tale for â€Å"postliterate† adolescents. Christine is another fractured â€Å"Cinderella† story, Carrie for boys. Arnie Cunningham, a nearsighted, acne-scarred loser, falls â€Å"in love with† a car, a passionate (red and white) Plymouth Fury, â€Å"one of the long ones with the big fins,† that he names Christine. An automotive godmother, she brings Arnie, in fairy-tale succession, freedom, success, power, and love: a home away from overprotective parents, a cure for acne, hit-andrun revenge on bullies, and a beautiful girl, Leigh Cabot. Soon, however, the familiar triangle emerges, of boy, girl, and car, and Christine is revealed as a femme fatale—driven by the spirit of her former owner, a malcontent named Roland LeBay. Christine is the medium for his death wish on the world, for his all-devouring, â€Å"everlasting Fury. † LeBay’s aggression possesses Arnie, who reverts into an older, tougher self, then into the â€Å"mythic teenaged hood† that King has called the prototype of 1950’s werewolf films, and finally into â€Å"some ancient carrion eater,† or primal self. As automotive monster, Christine comes from a variety of sources, including the folk tradition of the â€Å"death car† and a venerable techno-horror premise, as seen in King’s â€Å"Trucks† and Maximum Overdrive. King’s main focus, however, is the mobile youth culture that has come down from the 1950’s by way of advertising, popular songs, film, and national pastimes. Christine is the car as a projection of the cultural self, Anima for the modern American Adam. To Arnie’s late 1970’s-style imagination, the Plymouth Fury, in 1958 a mid-priced family car, is an American Dream. Her sweeping, befinned chassis and engine re-create a fantasy of the golden age of the automobile: the horizonless future imagined as an expanding network of superhighways and unlimited fuel. Christine recovers for Arnie a prelapsarian vitality and manifest destiny. Christine’s odometer runs backward and she regenerates parts. The immortality she offers, however—and by implication, the American Dream—is really arrested development in the form of a Happy Days rerun and by way of her radio, which sticks on the golden oldies station. Indeed, Christine is a recapitulatory rock musical framed fatalistically in sections titled â€Å"Teenage Car-Songs,† â€Å"Teenage Love-Songs,†and â€Å"Teenage Death-Songs. † Fragments of rock-and-roll songs introduce each chapter. Christine’s burden, an undead 1950’s youth culture, means that most of Arnie’s travels are in and out of time, a deadly nostalgia trip. As Douglas Winter explains, Christine reenacts â€Å"the death,† during the 1970’s, â€Å"of the American romance with the automobile. † The epilogue from four years later presents the fairy-tale consolation in a burnedout monotone. Arnie and his parents are buried, Christine is scrap metal, and the true Americans, Leigh and Dennis, are survivors, but Dennis, the â€Å"knight of Darnell’s Garage,† does not woo â€Å"the lady fair†; he is a limping, lackluster junior high teacher, and they have drifted apart, grown old in their prime. Dennis narrates the story in order to file it away, all the while perceiving himself and his peers in terms of icons from the late 1950’s. In his nightmares, Christine appears wearing a black vanity plate inscribed with a skull and the words, â€Å"ROCK AND ROLL WILL NEVER DIE. From Dennis’s haunted perspective, Christine simultaneously examines and is a symptom of a cultural phenomenon: a new American gothic species of anachronism or deja vu, which continued after Christine’s publication in films such as Back to the Future (1985), Peggy Sue Got Married (1986), and Blue Velvet (1986). The 1980’s and the 1950’s blur into a seam less illusion, the nightmare side of which is the prospect of living an infinite replay. The subtext of King’s adolescent fairy tale is another coming of age, from the opposite end and the broader perspective of American culture. Written by a fortyish King in the final years of the twentieth century, Christine diagnoses a cultural midlife crisis and marks a turning point in King’s career, a critical examination of mass culture. The dual time frame reflects his awareness of a dual audience, of writing for adolescents who look back to a mythical 1950’s and also for his own generation as it relives its undead youth culture in its children. The baby boomers, King explains, â€Å"were obsessive† about childhood. â€Å"We went on playing for a long time, almost feverishly. I write for that buried child in us, but I’m writing for the grown-up too. I want grownups to look at the child long enough to be able to give him up. The child should be buried. † â€Å"sometimes ownership can become possession† The story is set in a middle-class suburb of Pittsburg, in 1978. Dennis Guilder and Arnie Cunningham vie for the attentions of the new girl in town, Leigh Cabot. But when Christine, a 1958 Plymouth Fury, enters the picture, the course of action changes drastically. As Leigh neatly observes, â€Å"cars are girls†. Arnie’s love affair with Christine turns from a love song to a death song. As soon as he sees her he wants her. Her name is Christine, she is 1958 Plymouth Fury, and Arnold Cunningham has fallen head over heels in love with her. Arnold's best friend Dennis Guilder is not quite so impressed by the rusting rolling iron with the custom paint job. Dennis looks at the cracked windscreen and the damaged bodywork, the flat tyre and torn upholstery, and his heart sinks even before he notices the pool of oil underneath the car. Arnie might as well be looking at a different car though. He sees something else. Maybe a little of what the car once was, and perhaps a little of what it could be if the work was put in. He is a man in love and first loves can often become all consuming things. There is nothing that Dennis can do to stop Arnie from buying Christine and in the end he goes along with his life-long friend. He lends him some money towards a deposit on the car and even takes him to pick the car up, the next day, after work. Sometimes the company a person keeps can have an effect on them and almost from that very first meeting between Arnie and Christine Dennis can see changes in his best friend. Some of them good, like the fact that his acne seems to be miraculously clearing up. The other changes though, are not so positive in nature. Arnie's whole attitude takes a turn for the worse and he develops an uncharacteristic mean streak. All of his life Arnie has been the guy who was targeted by the bullies of this world, but when Buddy Repperton takes a jack handle to one of Christine's lights the worm not only turns, but turns on Repperton leaving him with a bloody nose and a score to settle. As I clocked up the chapters in Christine I watched Arnie's relationship with his parents and with his friend Dennis start to fall apart; and his relationship with the beautiful Leigh Cabot form and then fail. It was all because of the car and from the very first chapter, as a reader, I was aware that there was something not quite right about that Plymouth Fury. Christine is just a little under 600 pages long. It is written in memoir form and is split into the three parts. Part one, Dennis Teenage Car Songs, is written in the first person and from Dennis' point of View. In part two, Arnie Teenage Love songs, Dennis is still telling the story, but it is now written in the third person because all of the events in that part of the book occurred while Dennis was lying in a hospital bed and does not concern things that he experienced first-hand. For part three, of the book, Christine Teenage Death Songs, the story returns to the first person perspective because Dennis is on his crutches and out and about, all be it at a bit of a hobble. A nice touch to Christine is that every chapter opens up with a few lines from a different song that involves cars, which is probably why the three parts of the book are named the way that they are. I enjoyed Christine. King brings all of the characters to life for his readers and it was easy for me to look at Arnie's mother, for instance, through both Arnie and Dennis' eyes and think: what a bitch! But it was just as easy for me to look through the mother's eyes and feel the pain and fear as she watched her family being torn apart. The characters seem real and the unreal situations feel real.